Wednesday, December 24, 2014

Theosis

Theosis

Many readers will find the word theosis confusing, and perhaps even be put off by it.  Many will be far more comfortable with the terms sanctification (the process) and glorification (the goal or result).  The tragedy of such different uses of terms is that we may often talk past each other, and fail of hearty agreement because of misunderstandings about words.  We are encouraged to discover that The Church (at least on earth) has always struggled to find adequate words to describe heavenly things, and this is no less true of our beloved father, Athanasius[1].

In spite of the difficulties and technical nature of these three essays, we would urge readers to persevere at this reading.  In doing so, they will discover an undeniable and fundamental foundation for universal agreement: for Athanasius loves the Bible, the same Bible that you love.  Moreover, theologians of every name and stripe, from every tradition around the world, embrace in their theology the ideas of Athanasius common to almost all of us.  There are exceptions, of course, but most of these can be attributed to an insufficient grasp of Church history.  As these essays repeatedly point out, this is an “evangelical message”.

This is not to hide the fact that there are real differences, significant ones.  Yet only by distinguishing the details of these differences and separating them from the common ground can we resolve the problem of the disunity of the churches.  There is little fruit to be gained from saying that theosis and glorification are different.  We must disclose accurately how they are the same, as well as precisely how they are different.  Then, and only then, can we bring to the table that which must be resolved for genuine spiritual unity to take place.

We are delighted to find that Athanasius does not use the term theosis, but prefers the Greek terms theopoieo (god constructing, creating, forming, making, or preparing from theos + poieo) and huiothesia[2] (son + placing as, adoption from huios + tithemi).  Evidently, Athanasius also had a highly developed and firm faith in substitutionary atonement, which some circles find popular to deny.  Additionally, Athanasius builds his understanding of theopoieo on substitutionary atonement, which in turn finds its roots in incarnation.  We should not read into this some false divergence with later theology, but rather that the terms have not yet been standardized.  When some sort of standardization comes, it will still differ by regions: hence the origin of confusion.[3]

It is in the distinction between eternal sonship (that sonship which finds its final expression in the incarnation) and sonship by adoption where we first discover modern conflict.  In the second essay we find a clear collision with Calvinism in the sentence, “Since they were not sons by nature, when they altered, the Spirit was taken away and they were disinherited; and again at their repentance that God who thus at the beginning gave them grace, will receive them, and give light, and call them sons again” (Contra Arianos I, 11:33).  Yet only a minute portion of this world’s believers adhere to all of the basic tenets of Calvinism.[4]

The third essay obliquely touches upon the problem of the filioque clause which divides us.  I for one, have long wished to delete the filioque clause in the interests of brotherly love and peace.  I cannot support the filioque clause from Scripture, it appears to originate in a simple copyist’s error, and it is now made optional in many sectors.  If it is optional, I may freely delete it, and for my own purposes, I do delete it.  It does nothing but foment disagreement and dissension.[5]

The three essays do not address Hesychasm[6], and its related issues directly, issues which were unknown to Athanasius.  Those who have never lived in areas where this debate was once important may be completely ignorant of it.  Even so, Christians around the world so frequently seek the peace of Christ in the solitude of prayer, and so universally use the “Jesus Prayer”[7] even where it is unknown by that title; even so, we have difficulty seeing a real difference here.  How can anyone oppose the desire for solitude in prayer?  How can anyone despise the desperation voiced in the prayer, “Lord, Have mercy.”  Those who wish to create differences will always find a means for doing so.

For me, I cannot see any real substantial difference between theosis and sanctification leading to glorification.  So, by all means help us to ferret out and resolve all real substantial differences among us.  Peace.

http://myocn.net/deification-sonship-according-st-athanasius-alexandria-part/

http://myocn.net/deification-sonship-according-st-athanasius-alexandria-part-ii/

http://myocn.net/deification-sonship-according-st-athanasius-alexandria-part-iii/




[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria
[2] Romans 8:15, 23; 9:4; Galatians 4:5; Ephesians 1:5
[3] http://myocn.net/deification-sonship-according-st-athanasius-alexandria-part/
[4] http://myocn.net/deification-sonship-according-st-athanasius-alexandria-part-ii/
[5] http://myocn.net/deification-sonship-according-st-athanasius-alexandria-part-iii/
[6] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesychasm
[7] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_Prayer
[8] If you have been blessed or helped by any of these meditations, please repost, share, or use any of them as you wish.  No rights are reserved.  They are designed and intended for your free participation.  They were freely received, and are freely given.  No other permission is required for their use.

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