Saturday, April 12, 2014

Psalm 1 Latin


The Book of Psalms
Analysis

BOOK  I 


Section  1:  Saturday Vespers


Division  1:1 


... in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost.  Amen.  Through the prayers of our holy Fathers, Lord Jesus Christ our God, have mercy on us and save us.  Amen.  Glory to You, our God, Glory to You.


Holy God, Holy Mighty, Holy Immortal, have mercy on us (three times).

Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost, as it is now, was in the beginning, and ever shall be, world without end.  Amen.

All-holy Trinity, have mercy on us.  Lord, cleanse us from our sins.  Master, pardon our iniquities.  Holy One, visit us and heal our infirmities for Your Name’s sake.  Lord have mercy (three times).

Psalm 1 Vulgata Translation

Blessed is the man who has not walked in the counsel of the ungodly, nor stood in the way of sinners, nor sat in the chair of pestilence.  But, his will[1] is in the law of the Lord, and on His law he shall[2] meditate day and night.  And he shall be like a tree which is planted near the running[3] waters, which shall bring forth its fruit in due season.  And his leaf shall not fall off[4]: and all whatsoever he shall do shall prosper.

Not so the wicked, not so:[5] but like the dust,[6] which the wind drives from the face of the earth.[7]  Therefore the wicked shall not rise again[8] in [the] judgment: nor sinners in the council of the just.  For the Lord knows the way of the just: and the way of the wicked shall perish.

Psalm 1 Vulgata

Beatus vir qui non abiit in consilio impiorum et in via peccatorum non stetit et in cathedra pestilentiae non sedit.  Sed in lege Domini voluntas eius et in lege eius meditabitur die ac nocte.  Et erit tamquam lignum quod plantatum est secus decursus aquarum quod fructum suum dabit in tempore suo et folium eius non defluet et omnia quaecumque faciet prosperabuntur.

Non sic impii non sic; sed tamquam pulvis quem proicit ventus a facie terrae; ideo non resurgent impii in iudicio neque peccatores in consilio iustorum.  Quoniam novit Dominus viam iustorum et iter impiorum peribit.[9]

http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalm%201&version=VULGATE




[1] The difference between delight and will is more apparent than real.  Whatever the heart wills, it dotes upon, and thus delights in.  The difference between Hebrew and Latin seems idiomatic, and delight seems well within the scope of the nuances of voluntas.  The strong desire to love does not necessarily indicate the ability to achieve.
[2] The difference between declaratives and futures, shall and will, is not compelling.  The presence of these may be necessary for Latin idiom, but do not seem to be constructive emphases in English.  Because they add little or nothing, they are ignored; in fact they may detract by blunting the force of shall or will when these are grammatically necessary.
[3] The difference between streams or rivers and running is more apparent than real.
[4] Again, the difference between wither or wilt and fall off is not striking.  The picture of a well-watered tree in juxtaposition to an unwatered tree is clear enough.  Deprived of water, the tree is designed to protect its life: the leaves, wilt, wither, die, shed; the tree sends all available moisture to its roots; the branches die; finally, the tree dies also.  The word picture is ominous, frightening, threatening.  However, it is the same picture in Hebrew or Latin.
[5] It is nothing like this with the wicked, nothing like this!  JB  The reduplication may be a necessity of Latin grammar for the sensible formation of the construction, not only ... but also.
However, this reduplication is the first major difference between J p-H and MT; it adds an emphasis and force that would otherwise be missed.  Later we will observe that this difference is consistent with LXX.  This seems to indicate that something is lost in MT; this could be as subtle as a difference of inflection.  However, as subtle as inflection is, its change can reverse the complete meaning of a phrase.  We must give preference to Jerome in this matter.  We are not free to allow MT to remove the force of Divine authority by subtlety.  Jesus teaches with authority; the scribes do not.
[6] The difference between chaff and dust is non-existent.  The Hebrew idea is not limited by the English chaff.  Rather, the idea is that of a byproduct, spun off by violent churning or stirring.  Chaff and dust cannot be distinguished.
[7] Here is the second major difference between J p-H and MT.  The change from “from the face of the earth” to “away” removes the sense of utter damnation and eternality provided by Jerome.  We should listen to Jerome.
[8] This is the third major difference between J p-H and MT.  MT blunts or denies the force of resurrection.  This force is inescapable from the light of the NT, especially when Jesus unveils Himself in the OT (Luke 24: 27, 44-48).  We may not allow the removal of Jesus’ interpretation to be blunted, removed, or softened by MT.
[9] There is very little in Jerome to suggest a great difference between Jerome’s proto-Hebrew (J p-H) and MT.  The differences may simply indicate interpretive ideas: namely, that Jerome had, either a better understanding of the force of Hebrew idiom, or a better grasp of the NT implications and weight of the Psalm.  In either case, Jerome’s variations, though minor, must be taken seriously.  Jerome is standing closer to Jesus than MT; he speaks from a distinctly Christian worldview; consequently, his text is closer to the heart of Scripture.
[10] If you have been blessed or helped by any of these meditations in Psalms, please repost, share, or use any of them as you wish.
These meditations are not controlled by Creative Commons or other licenses, such as: copyright, CC, BY, SA, NC, or ND.  They are designed and intended for your free participation.  They were freely received, and are freely given.  No other permission is required for their use.

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